Causes, effects and solutions to environmental pollution. Effect of environmental pollution on human life 100. Air pollution, facts and information national geographic. Environmental pollution is considered the most important threat to human being and other creature lives. The study points to new ways we can use big data pdf to ultimately. Some of the major environmental issues that are causing immense concern are environmental pollution, air pollution, water pollution, garbage pollution, noise pollution, deforestation, resource depletion, climate change etc. Environmentalism, a social and environmental movement, addresses environmental issues. Trees improve human health and wellbeing in many ways. Cullet definition of an environmental right in a human rights context similar fashion throughout the world even if southern countries may be less preoccupied with industrial pollution than with other more pressing issues. Comprehensive legal frameworks, mainly developed on the basis of environmental criteria, exist that regulate waste management. This is a book about environmental engineering for nontechnical students. Environmental pollution can have devastating effects on sea life, on crops and on human health. Coker department of civil engineering university of ibadan ibadan environment according to federal environmental protection agency fepa act of 1990, under.
Disposal of plastic waste which are major cause of environment pollution becomes carcinogenic to human, birth defects, impaired immunity,endocrine disruption, development and reproductive effect. Human impact on the environment or anthropogenic impact on the environment includes changes to biophysical environments and ecosystems, biodiversity, and natural resources caused directly or indirectly by humans, including global warming, environmental degradation such as ocean acidification, mass extinction and biodiversity loss, ecological crisis, and ecological collapse. If in any area the water is polluted then people or the other living creatures are forced to drink that polluted water because they have no other. Environmental and pollution science, third edition, continues its tradition on providing readers with the scientific basis to understand, manage, mitigate, and prevent pollution across the environment, be it air, land, or water. Pollution prevention p2 is the reduction or elimination of wastes and pollutants at their sources. Man has the fundamental right to freedom, equality and adequate conditions of life. Its effects can range from higher disease risks to rising temperatures. The air pollution control act in india was passed in 1981 and the motor vehicle act for controlling the air pollution, very recently. Impacts on human health over 200 years of industrialisation have caused soil contamination to be a widespread problem in europe. Broadly, environmental pollution consists of six basic types of pollution, i.
The assessment exercise has involved more than 1 300 experts worldwide. The road ahead, notes that plastic is an ideal material for singleuse disposable devices, because theyre costeffective, require little energy to produce, and are lightweight and biocompatible. Environmental pollution by heavy metals is very promi. The elderly and other vulnerable populations like children and pregnant women are the most likely to experience health impacts from exposure to air pollution.
This argument and its fallacies are discussed below. Hence, management of solid waste is very essential, it helps in reducing solid waste pollution and creates pollution free and clean environment. Hence, there is the need for proper understanding of the. Almost 40% of the population in india is concentrated in the states of bihar, punjab. How pollution impacts human health environmental defense. Pollution is defined as the presence of impurities or pollutant substances in sufficient concentration levels, causing harmful effects on human beings, animals, plant life or material resources when exposed for a sufficient duration of time, thus reducing the quality of. Environmental issues are harmful effects of human activity on the biophysical environment. Environment according to federal environmental protection agency fepa act of 1990, under section 38 a very lucid definition of environment was given as thus. Because of damage accumulated over time, environmental exposures are more likely to trigger heart attacks among the elderly. Hunter 2011 environmental pollution and human health. Environment includes water, air, land and all plants and human beings andor animals living there in and the interrelationships which exist among these or any of them. The rise in human population density and anthropogenic activity has led to degradation of the earths surface through misuse of environmental resources and improper. Environmental pollution does not only harm human life, but it also affects all aspects of.
Environmental pollution has its own causes, effects and solutions. The survival of human being is not possible without the water. Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the natural environment that cause adverse change. Pollution is often classed as point source or nonpoint source. Environmental pollution is reaching worrying proportions worldwide. The systematic assessment of the global effects of environmental pollution on human health is a relatively recent endeavor, one that has become increasingly quantitative in the last decade. Guide for authors environmental pollution issn 02697491. Air pollution is a mix of particles and gases that can reach harmful concentrations both outside and indoors. These metals are leached out and in sloppy areas, are carried by acid water downstream or runoff to the sea.
These laws are intended to prevent air from being polluted. Air pollution is today considered as the worlds most serious environmental health risk by the world health organisation who. For a healthy life pure and pollution free water is indispensable. The global environmental pollution, including greenhouse gas emissions and acid deposition, as well as water pollution and waste management is. Pollution originates from a wide variety of sources, both natural and manmade, and occurs in a wide variety of forms including, biological, chemical. Acid rain, for example, is formed when emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrous oxide combine with moisture in the air to create acidic precipitation. Environmental pollution is a primary reason for giving rise to global warming and many if the incurable human diseases. Benmap with local environmental data, they found that trees and forests in the conterminous united states removed 17. The environmental toxic agents are generally found in air, water, soil, and food. Introduction concern for health has traditionally underlain much of the political priority given to environmental issues in oecd countries. Effects of nuclear pollution the effects vary from organism to organism and from level of radioactivity of nuclear isotopes. The effects of humancaused air pollution are not limited to people. Health effects related to air pollution include its impact on the pulmonary, cardiac, vascular and.
However, there is a long history in environmental epidemiology of establishing cause and effect relationships between specific local episodes of highimpact. Decision makers, scientists, businesses and individual citizens generally accept and understand that air and water pollution can. Every day at different places, thousands of various types of pollutants and chemicals from different sources are exposed to the environment. A longer exposure to radioactive radiations can damage the dna cells that results in cancer, genetic defects for the generations to come and even death. No attempt is made to cover air and water pollution, solid waste disposal or noise pollution in a rigorous way. Releases of pollutants to the environment are most often the.
Environmental pollution, types, causes, impact and. There are different kinds of pollution and each of them have their sources and causes associated with them. Inayathussain encyclopedia of life support systems eolss geriatrics, and clinical patients. Looking into these will help you identify the causes and what steps you can take to mitigate those effects. Air pollution can harm us when it accumulates in the air in high enough. Environmental pollution, types, causes, impact and management. Environmental effects the effects of human caused air pollution are not limited to people. In the figure 1 it is evident that recyclable wastes are only 9. The manual provides objectives, policy, responsibilities, and technical standards and requirements under which the department plans to manage the various environmental programs to achieve compliance with. Environmental pollution, waste generation and human. The word plastic is derived from the greek plastikos meaning capable of being shaped or molded. Along with harming human health, air pollution can cause a variety of environmental effects. The goal of this journal is to provide a platform for scientists and academicians all over the world to promote, share, and discuss various new issues and. Pollution in rivers, oceans, and other bodies of water can.
Most of these have resulted as a result of human overpopulation and also the. Ashoka human survival and environmental pollution in martin. Estimation and action, from local to global and back. Pollution originates from a wide variety of sources, both natural and manmade, and occurs in a wide variety of forms.
Environmental pollution united states department of. Heavy metal pollution and human biotoxic effects duruibe, j. Co 2 is not coming from human activities co 2 has natural sources. How pollution impacts human health environmental defense fund. Environmental protection is a practice of protecting the natural environment on the individual, organizational or governmental levels, for the benefit of both the environment and humans. Health is a state of complet e physical, mental and social wellbeing. Environmental pollution by heavy metals is very prominent in areas of mining and old mine sites and pollution reduces with increasing distance away from mining sites peplow, 1999. The significance of environmental factors to the health and wellbeing of human populations is increasingly apparent rosenstock 2003. Eutrophication is a condition in a water body where high concentrations of. Unfortunately, the natural resource defense council states that dirty water is the worlds largest health risk natural resources defense council. Environmental impacts on human health and wellbeing.
Hazardous chemicals can escape to the environment by accident, but a number of air pollutants are released from industrial facilities and other activities and may cause adverse effects on human health and the environment. Environmental pollution an overview sciencedirect topics. Environment is polluted often by natural phenomenon, such as earthquakes, floods, drought, cyclones, etc. How can human activities be affecting the concentration of co 2. Some of the more import toxic effects will be described in the following chapters of this report.
A 2002 study published in the journal of the american medical association found a direct link between longterm exposure to air pollution and lung cancer and other respiratory conditions 1. Characterizing and resolving the impacts of environmental pollution on human health and well being is accomplished through the science of environmental health. The significance of environmental factors to the health and well being of human populations is increasingly apparent rosenstock 2003. Department of agriculture usda facilities, administered lands, and activities. As toxic chemicals are widespread in the environment, there is a. It affects all plant, human and animal life in a negative way. There are seven categories of environmental pollution. Various types of pollution air, water, soil, noise etc. Control defines environmental pollution as any activity, by corporations or individuals, which compromises the health andor environment of other persons in a localized area, where the causal link is clearly established. Effect of environmental pollution on human life 100 months. I environmental toxicology and human health tetsuo satoh, salmaan h. Pollution happens in different forms such as air, water, soil, radioactive, light, noise, and heat. Pollutants, the components of pollution, can be either foreign substancesenergies or naturally occurring contaminants.
Pollution can take the form of chemical substances or energy, such as noise, heat or light. How human behaviors affect our natural resources clean water is essential for all humans. Environmental pollution is the buildup and accumulation of toxic heavy metals in the air, water, and land that reduce the ability of the contaminated sites to support life. The everincreasing use of chemicals in industries has also resulted in further pollution of the environment. For all the pollution that is avoided in the first place, there is that much less pollution to manage, treat, dispose of, or clean up. Almost all of our gains in the fields of industrial progress, science and technology had so far been realized at the cost of our health. Characterizing and resolving the impacts of environmental pollution on human health and wellbeing is accomplished through the science of environmental health. Pdf population growth, rapid industrial and technological development, urbanization and injudicious planning. Pollution due to autoexhaust remains a serious environmental issue in many developed and developing countries including india. The impact of environmental risk factors on health are extremely varied and complex in both severity and clinical significance. Urbanization and industrialization along with economic development have led to increase in energy consumption and waste discharges. Control defines environmental pollution as any activity, by corporations or individuals, which compromises the health and or environment of other persons in a localized area, where the causal link is clearly established.
31 279 989 382 1584 190 1147 792 898 1350 443 1386 1457 164 70 982 1478 1112 74 538 745 914 195 1527 1268 405 1262 766 752 625 506 901 228 687 922 536 112 220 773